New Delhi: People tend to reduce obesity to a simple equation of calorie consumption versus expenditure, but this basic “calories in, calories out” (CICO) model does not capture all the complexities of weight management. Weight management depends heavily on energy balance, but obesity develops from various causes that extend past calorie consumption and metabolic actions.
In an interaction with News9Live, Dr. Kedar Patil, Bariatric and Advanced laparoscopic Surgeon at Ruby Hall Clinic, Pune, explained how obesity may not just be all about calories.
Metabolic and Hormonal Factors
Calories enter the body and undergo different breakdown sequences. Food selection determines how the body operates, as well as insulin response as well and how it stores fat. Highly processed food items containing refined sugar and unhealthy fats result in insulin resistance along with elevated fat storage. The body weight regulatory functions depend heavily on leptin, which controls hunger, and ghrelin, which stimulates appetite along with other hormones.
Genetic and Epigenetic Influences
Genetic characteristics determine how well a body keeps fats stored and controls its hunger signals throughout food consumption. The body of specific individuals shows natural vulnerability to weight problems that reduces their ability to lose weight, no matter what they eat. Environmental elements that modify gene function through epigenetic processes affect the susceptibility to become obese, particularly through prenatal diet and infant feeding patterns.
Lifestyle and Psychological Factors
Weight gain happens mostly through a combination of being physically inactive and having anxiety levels and disturbed sleep patterns, as well as worsening mental health symptoms like depression. Chronic stress causes elevated cortisol levels that might both enhance cravings and promote fat accumulation in the body. Insufficient sleep creates problems in metabolic processes while also worsening control of appetite, so managing weight becomes harder.
Weight regulation requires proper calorie management, but obesity emerges as a complex medical issue affected by nutritional factors, together with metabolic processes and genetics and hormonal adjustment, and daily routines. Weight management sustainability demands an entire system approach between a nutritious diet and physical exercise, together with stress regulation and proper rest, instead of single-calorie counting alone.
Weight gain happens mostly through a combination of being physically inactive and having anxiety levels and disturbed sleep patterns, as well as worsening mental health symptoms like depression. Chronic stress causes elevated cortisol levels that might both enhance cravings and promote fat accumulation in the body. Health News Health News: Latest News from Health Care, Mental Health, Weight Loss, Disease, Nutrition, Healthcare
