New Delhi: Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, accounting for over 1.7 million fatalities annually. In India, lung cancer is a significant public health concern ranking second among male cancers, with a substantial number of cases occurring among middle-aged and older adults. The reported death rate due to lung cancer in India was 75,031 patients in the year 2022 according to Globocon 2022. Dr. Bhaskar Bhuvan, Consultant-Medical oncology, HCG Cancer Center – Vizag answered this.
The Age-Related Risks of Lung Cancer
Lung cancer predominantly affects older adults, with the risk of developing this disease increasing significantly with age. This upward trend in lung cancer risk is particularly pronounced after the age of 60, with most lung cancer cases being diagnosed among people aged 65 years and above. According to the American Cancer Society, the average age at diagnosis for lung cancer is around 70 years old. But, in India, the average age of lung cancer diagnosis is 59 years which is a decade earlier than in Western countries. This age-related risk is attributed to the cumulative effect of exposure to carcinogens (cancer-causing agents) over time, as well as the natural decline in immune function and cellular repair mechanisms that occur with aging. As a result, older adults are more susceptible to the damaging effects of carcinogens, such as tobacco smoke, air pollution, and radiation exposure which can increase the risk of lung cancer. Furthermore, older adults may also be more likely to have underlying health conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), that can increase the risk of lung cancer.
Why Age is a Significant Risk Factor for Lung Cancer
Age is a significant risk factor for lung cancer due to several reasons. As we age, our cells accumulate genetic mutations that can increase the risk of cancer. Our immune system also weakens with age, making it more challenging for our body to fight off cancer cells. Furthermore, older adults may have been exposed to carcinogens, such as tobacco smoke and air pollution, for a longer period
The Importance of Early Screening
Early screening is crucial in detecting lung cancer at an early stage when it is more treatable. Screening tests for lung cancer include Low-Dose Computed Tomography (LDCT) and Chest X-Ray. These non-invasive tests use low-dose radiation to produce detailed images of the lungs.
Who should get lung cancer screening
Age above 50 years up to 80 years.
Smoking history of one packet of cigarettes per day over and above 20 years
Who has not quit smoking in the last 15 years
Reducing the Risk of Lung Cancer
While age is a significant risk factor for lung cancer, there are steps we can take to reduce our risk. Quitting smoking is the most effective way to reduce the risk of lung cancer. Avoiding exposure to carcinogens, such as air pollution and asbestos, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet and regular exercise, can also help reduce the risk of lung cancer.
Lung cancer is a significant public health concern in India, with most cases occurring among middle-aged and older adults. While age is a significant risk factor for lung cancer, early screening and reducing the risk factors can help detect and treat this disease. By prioritising our health and taking proactive steps, we can reduce our risk of lung cancer and improve our overall health and well-being.
Lung cancer is a significant public health concern in India, with most cases occurring among middle-aged and older adults. While age is a significant risk factor for lung cancer, early screening and reducing the risk factors can help detect and treat this disease. Health Conditions Health News: Latest News from Health Care, Mental Health, Weight Loss, Disease, Nutrition, Healthcare
