New Delhi: On February 3, Indian Railways will observe 100 years of electrification, highlighting its transformation from steam locomotives to an efficient and eco-friendly transport system. The first electrified train journey began on February 3, 1925, from Bombay Victoria Terminus (now Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus) and Kurla Harbour. This has been marked as a great achievement in Indian Railways technology.
Indian Railways, having the fourth-largest railway network, has been pushing towards the green network. As Indian Railways completes 100 years of electrification, let us look at some facts about Indian Railways electrification.
A Century of Progress: Milestones in Indian Railways Electrification
The first electric train ran from the Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST), earlier called Victoria Terminus (VT), to Kurla. The CST is a historic railway station. In February 1925, India’s first electric train ran from here. The Mumbai suburban section was electrified on 1500 Volt DC.
The first electrically operated railway service began in 1931: In 1931, Chennai (then Madras) got the first electrically operated rail service between Madras Beach and Tambaram.
In 1957, India adopted the 25 kV AC system of electrification like the rest of the world: Railway electrification systems using 25 kV AC are used worldwide, especially for high-speed rail. However, at the time of Independence, India adopted 3000 Volt DC during the period of 1st Five year Plan. Later, it was realised that the 25 kV AC system was more economical. In 1957, Indian Railways adopted the 25 kV AC electrification system as a standard. In 1960, the first section was electrified on the 25 kV AC system.
Production of Electric locomotives got a boost: As the Indian railways gradually adopted the 25 kV AC system, production of electric locomotives increased. In 1961, the first 1500 V DC electric locomotive was launched in the Bombay Area (Mumbai).
Indian Railways have electrified 64,547 route kilometres so far. It is interesting to note that India has made great strides in railway electrification. As of January 1, 2025, 64,547 route kilometers were electrified. This is 97.06 per cent of the total broad gauge network of 66,504 RKM, which includes the Konkan Railway.
Environmental Impact and Future of Indian Railways Electrification
Electric traction is cheaper and better for the environment than diesel traction. Electric locomotives are lighter, which gives them faster acceleration and higher speeds. Electric trains can also save energy through regenerative braking. Although maintenance costs for electric lines may be higher, the lighter trains can reduce wear and tear.
On February 3, Indian Railways will mark a century of electrification, a journey from steam to a greener, more efficient system. Beginning with the first electric train in Mumbai in 1925, the network has expanded significantly, adopting the 25 kV AC system for cost-effectiveness and environmental benefits. Today, over 97 per cent of the broad-gauge network is electrified, showcasing India’s commitment to sustainable transportation. knowledge Knowledge News, Photos and Videos on General Knowledge
