New Delhi: Stomach cancer is also known as gastric cancer worldwide. In India it is the fifth most common cancers, with an estimate of 70,000 new cases being reported every year. The disease is more commonly found in men as compared to women and the highest incidence is seen in people over the age of 60.
While advancements in medical science have improved diagnosis and treatment, understanding the risk factors and preventive measures remains crucial in combating this disease.
In conversation with News9, Dr Shantling Nigudgi, Sr. Consultant Radiation/Clinical oncologist, HCG Cancer Centre, Kalburgi said, “Understanding serious gastrointestinal conditions is crucial for maintaining overall health. Various factors, including genetics, diet, and lifestyle choices, can contribute to the development of these conditions. Awareness and preventive measures, such as regular screenings and adopting a healthy lifestyle, are essential for reducing risk and ensuring early detection.”
Here are 8 most common risk factors linked to stomach cancer:
• Genetic Predisposition: A family history of stomach cancer significantly increases an individual’s risk. Inherited genetic mutations, such as in the CDH1 gene, can predispose individuals to hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC). Genetic counselling and testing can help identify those at higher risk, enabling proactive measures and surveillance.
• Helicobacter pylori Infection: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a bacterium commonly found in the stomach lining and is a well-established risk factor for stomach cancer. Prevention strategies include early detection and treatment of H. pylori infections, typically with a combination of antibiotics and acid-suppressing medications.
• Dietary Factors: Diet plays a significant role in stomach cancer risk. Consuming a diet high in salty, smoked, or pickled foods increases the risk, as does a diet low in fruits and vegetables. Limiting the intake of processed meats and alcohol while maintaining a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help reduce the risk of stomach cancer.
• Tobacco and Alcohol Use: Smoking tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption are known risk factors for various cancers. Tobacco smoke contains carcinogens that can damage the stomach lining, while alcohol can lead to inflammation and increase susceptibility to carcinogens. Quitting smoking and moderating alcohol intake are essential preventive measures.
• Obesity and Physical Activity: Obesity has been linked to an increased risk of various cancers, including stomach cancer. Maintaining a healthy weight through regular physical activity and a balanced diet can lower the risk. Exercise not only helps in weight management but also reduces inflammation and improves overall health, lowering the likelihood of developing stomach cancer
• Occupational Exposures: Certain occupational exposures, such as those to asbestos, coal dust, and metalworking fluids, have been associated with an elevated risk of stomach cancer. Workers in industries with potential carcinogenic exposures must undergo regular health screenings to detect any early signs of cancer.
• Previous Stomach Surgery: Individuals who have undergone stomach surgery, such as for peptic ulcers or benign tumours, may have an increased risk of developing stomach cancer in the remaining stomach tissue. Regular follow-up care and surveillance endoscopy are recommended for such individuals to detect any precancerous or cancerous changes early.
• Age and Gender: The risk of stomach cancer increases with age, with most cases occurring in individuals over 65. Men are also at higher risk than women. While age and gender cannot be modified, awareness of these risk factors can prompt proactive screening and early detection efforts in high-risk populations.
While advancements in medical science have improved diagnosis and treatment of stomach cancer, understanding the risk factors and preventive measures remains crucial in combating this disease. Check most common risk factors related to the disease Health Conditions Health News: Latest News from Health Care, Mental Health, Weight Loss, Disease, Nutrition, Healthcare
