International Day for Biological Diversity: History, significance, theme and types of biodiversity

New Delhi: Biological diversity, also known as biodiversity, refers to the variety of life on Earth at all levels. The term biodiversity was coined in 1985. Biological diversity is important in natural and artificial ecosystems and also deals with varieties of nature—the biosphere.

The United Nations sanctioned the International Day for Biological Diversity, or World Biodiversity Day, to protect and promote biodiversity issues. In this article, let us look at its history, types, significance, and theme for 2025.

History of International Biodiversity Day

International Day for Biological Diversity, also known as World Biodiversity Day, is celebrated on May 22 each year. This day, recognised by the United Nations, aims to raise awareness about biodiversity issues.

This day aligns with the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals, which focus on various topics such as sustainable agriculture, water and sanitation, health, energy, climate change, and food security. A document from the Rio+20 conference, “The World We Want: A Future for All,” highlighted the importance of biodiversity in achieving sustainable development.

The Second Committee of the UN General Assembly established the day in 1993. It was initially celebrated on December 29 to mark the day the Convention on Biological Diversity took effect. In 2000, the date was changed to May 22 to honour the Convention’s adoption on May 22, 1992, during the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro. This change also aimed to avoid conflicts with other holidays in late December.

Significance of International Biodiversity Day

This annual celebration highlights the vital role of biodiversity in maintaining ecosystem balance and encourages individuals, communities, and nations to protect the rich variety of life on our planet.

Theme for This Year’s International Biodiversity Day

This year’s theme is “Harmony with nature and sustainable development.” It emphasises the connection between biodiversity and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), stressing that both must progress together.

This campaign also aims to create a sense of urgency. By 2025, there will only be five years left to meet the targets of the Global Biodiversity Framework and the SDGs.

Types of Biodiversity

There are three main types of biodiversity:

Species Biodiversity refers to the variety of species in a particular area, including all types of plants and microorganisms. For example, no two humans are the same.

Genetic Diversity refers to the differences in the genetic makeup of organisms. Each individual of a species, like humans or plants, has unique genetic traits.

Ecological Diversity refers to the variety of ecosystems in a region. It includes the different living (plant and animal species) and non-living factors that interact in ecosystems like deserts or rainforests.

Biodiversity in India

India is one of the most biodiverse countries in the world. It ranks ninth globally in plant species richness. Two of the world’s 25 biodiversity hotspots are located in India. The country originates many important crop species, such as pigeon peas, eggplant, cucumber, cotton, and sesame. India also supports various domesticated species, including millets, cereals, legumes, and medicinal plants.

India’s animal diversity is also significant, with many species found nationwide. However, biodiversity is rapidly decreasing, leading to various conservation programs to protect nature.

 World Biodiversity Day or International Day for Biodiversity raises awareness about the crucial role of biodiversity in maintaining ecosystem balance. This article explores the history of the day, its significance, and the 2025 theme of “Harmony with nature and sustainable development”.  Events Lifestyle News -Fashion Trends, Beauty Tips, Celebrity Party News, Relationship advice, Travel and Food Tips