New Delhi: Kidney cancer is the type of cancer that originates in the kidneys, which are vital body organs that filter waste products from the blood and produce urine. Kidney cancer is one of the top 10 cancers in India and accounts for approximately 2 to 3 per cent of all cancer cases, according to data from the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR). The cancer is more common in men as compared to women and is mostly diagnosed between the ages of 50 and 70 in people. On World Kidney Cancer Day, let’s understand the causes, risks and early symptoms of kidney cancer.
Dr Kunjal Patel, molecular oncopathologist, at Neuberg Centre for Genomic Centre told News9, “Kidney cancer, also known as renal cell cancer, is a type of cancer that begins in the kidneys. Understanding its causes, symptoms, and risks is crucial for early detection and effective treatment. A medical expert provides insights into these aspects to raise awareness and aid in prevention and management.”
Causes of Kidney Cancer
According to Dr Patel, “The exact cause of kidney cancer is not definitively known, but several risk factors have been identified. Genetic mutations play a significant role, with hereditary conditions like von Hippel-Lindau disease increasing the risk. Environmental and lifestyle factors are also influential. Smoking is a major risk factor, doubling the likelihood of developing kidney cancer. Obesity is another significant risk factor, as excess body weight is linked to hormonal changes that may promote cancer growth.”
“High blood pressure, or hypertension, is associated with an increased risk of kidney cancer, possibly due to the effects of high blood pressure on kidney function and structure. Additionally, long-term dialysis treatment, which is necessary for chronic kidney failure, can increase the risk of developing kidney cysts, some of which may become cancerous. Occupational exposure to certain chemicals, such as those in the petroleum industry, asbestos, and cadmium, has also been linked to kidney cancer,” added Dr Patel.
Symptoms of Kidney Cancer
Kidney cancer often does not produce symptoms in its early stages, making it difficult to detect without screening. However, as the cancer progresses, several symptoms may become apparent. “Blood in the urine (hematuria) is one of the most common signs. It can appear intermittently, sometimes only detectable through microscopic examination,” elucidates Dr Patel.
Persistent pain in the back or side, just below the ribs, can also indicate kidney cancer. This pain may be dull or sharp and can persist even when at rest.
“A noticeable mass or lump in the abdominal area is another potential symptom. Additionally, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, fever, and a general feeling of malaise are systemic symptoms that can accompany kidney cancer. These symptoms are nonspecific and can be mistaken for other conditions, highlighting the importance of medical evaluation if they persist.”
Risks Involved
Dr Patel further said, “Kidney cancer can metastasize, or spread, to other parts of the body, including the lungs, bones, liver, and brain. The risk of metastasis increases with the size and stage of the primary tumour. Early detection is crucial for preventing metastasis and improving treatment outcomes.”
Understanding the causes, symptoms, and risks of kidney cancer is essential for early detection and effective treatment. Genetic factors, lifestyle choices, and environmental exposures contribute to the development of kidney cancer. Awareness of symptoms such as blood in the urine, persistent back pain, and unexplained weight loss can prompt timely medical evaluation. Regular check-ups and monitoring are vital for those at increased risk, enabling early intervention and improved prognosis.
Kidney cancer is one of the top 10 cancers in India and accounts for approximately 2 to 3 per cent of all cancer cases, according to data from the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR). The cancer is more common in men as compared to women and is mostly diagnosed between the ages of 50 and 70 in people. On World Kidney Cancer Day, let’s understand the causes, risks and early symptoms of kidney cancer. Health Conditions Health News: Latest News from Health Care, Mental Health, Weight Loss, Disease, Nutrition, Healthcare
