New Delhi: Is there blood in your urine? Well, it can be a condition called Hematuria that refers to the presence of blood in urine. However, it may not be visible to all. According to reports, hematuria is very common affecting 2 to 30 per cent of the adult population. The condition is very common in older people and is majorly caused due to urinary tract infections, urological malignancies and urolithiasis.
Dr Prem Kumar K, Senior Consultant Uro-oncology, Fortis Hospital, Nagarbhavi shared with News9, “The presence of blood in urine, medically termed hematuria, can be a disconcerting symptom. While it can range from a minor issue to a sign of a serious underlying condition, it’s crucial to seek medical attention promptly.” This article will delve into the potential causes, symptoms, and diagnostic procedures associated with hematuria.
Understanding Hematuria
Hematuria can manifest in two forms:
• Gross hematuria: Visible blood in the urine, often appearing red, pink, or brown.
• Microscopic hematuria: Blood in the urine is detectable only through a microscopic examination.
Potential Causes
The causes of hematuria are diverse, ranging from benign to potentially serious conditions. Some common causes include:
• Urinary tract infections (UTIs): Infections in any part of the urinary system can cause inflammation and bleeding.
• Kidney stones: These hard deposits can cause irritation and bleeding as they pass through the urinary tract.
• Enlarged prostate: In men, an enlarged prostate can obstruct urine flow, leading to blood in the urine.
• Kidney disease: Conditions like glomerulonephritis can damage the kidneys and cause bleeding.
• Bladder cancer: This is a serious condition that can cause hematuria.
• Kidney cancer: Less common than bladder cancer, kidney cancer can also lead to blood in the urine.
• Injury to the urinary tract: Trauma to the kidneys, bladder, or urethra can cause bleeding.
• Certain medications: Some drugs specifically blood thinners, can cause hematuria as a side effect.
Symptoms
In addition to blood in the urine, other symptoms may accompany hematuria, depending on the underlying cause.
These can include:
• Pain or burning during urination
• Frequent urination
• Urgent need to urinate
• Cloudy or foul-smelling urine
• Back pain
• Fever
• Fatigue
• Swelling in the legs or ankles
Diagnosis
To determine the cause of hematuria, your healthcare provider will conduct a thorough evaluation, which may include:
• Medical history: A detailed review of your symptoms, medications, and medical conditions.
• Physical examination: Checking for signs of infection, kidney enlargement, or other abnormalities.
• Urine tests: Analysing the urine for blood cells, bacteria, signs of infection and other substances.
• Imaging tests: Depending on the clinical scenario, investigations such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI to visualize the urinary tract may be required to know the reason for the hematuria.
• Cystoscopy: A procedure to examine the bladder and urethra using a thin, flexible tube with a camera.
Treatment
Treatment for hematuria depends on the underlying cause. Options may include:
• Antibiotics for UTIs
• Pain relievers for kidney stones followed by definitive treatment for the same.
• Medications to treat prostate enlargement
• Surgery for kidney or bladder cancer
• Lifestyle modifications, such as increasing fluid intake and reducing certain medications.
Prevention
While not all cases of hematuria can be prevented, maintaining good overall health, staying hydrated, and undergoing regular checkups can help reduce the risk of developing certain conditions associated with blood in the urine.
It’s essential to remember that hematuria is not a diagnosis itself but a symptom of an underlying condition. If you notice blood in your urine, it’s crucial to consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and treatment. Early detection and intervention are key to managing hematuria effectively.
According to reports, hematuria is very common affecting 2 to 30 per cent of the adult population. The condition is very common in older people and is majorly caused due to urinary tract infections, urological malignancies and urolithiasis. Health Conditions Health News: Latest News from Health Care, Mental Health, Weight Loss, Disease, Nutrition, Healthcare
