New Delhi: The Indian struggle for freedom took different forms, including non-cooperation, civil disobedience and armed protests. The Indian National Congress, founded in 1885, was crucial in supporting and leading the movement, along with other organisations such as the Muslim League, the All India Trade Union Congress, and the All India Kisan Sabha. The movement faced challenges, including the Partition of Bengal in 1905, the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in 1919, and the British government’s suppression of the Quit India Movement in 1942.
As India prepares to commemorate its Independence Day on August 15, this article lists the national movements that underscore the extraordinary struggles that united our nation in a powerful opposition to British rule. These movements offer insight into the country’s intricate socio-political landscape and evoke a profound sense of national pride, reinforcing our sense of belonging to this great nation.
List of Movements from 1857 to 1947
British power was at its height in the 1800s. In 1857, farmers and jobless soldiers who were unhappy with local rulers uprised in India. This event sparked a series of movements, eventually leading to India’s independence. Below is a list of the major movements for independence in India from 1857 to 1947.
Event
Year
The Revolt of 1857
1857
Establishment of Scientific Society by Syed Ahmed
1864
(1) Establishment of Theosophical Society
(2) Establishment of Indian League
1875
Vernacular Press Act (Proposed by Lord Lytton, then viceroy)
1876
Hunter Commission (Also known as Indian Education Commission)
1882
Ilbert Bill proposed by Lord Ripon
1883
Ilbert Bill passed
1884
Establishment of Indian National Congress: 1st INC Session was held at Bombay (Presided over by Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee)
1885
Ramakrishna Mission founded by Swami Vivekanand
1897
Partition of Bengal announced by Lord Curzon
July, 1905
Partition of Bengal
October 16, 1905
All-India Muslim League Founded at Dacca
December 31, 1906
Surat Split of INC
1907
Execution of Khudiram Bose
August 11, 1908
Minto-Morley Reforms (Also called Indian Councils Act 1909)
1909
Indian Press Act
1910
Cancellation of Partition of Bengal
1911
Establishment of Home Rule by Bal Gangadhar Tilak
April 1916
Lucknow Pact (agreement reached between INC & Muslim League)
December 1916
Champaran Satyagraha
1917
Establishment of Madras Labour Union
1918
Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms
1919
Rowlatt Act Passed
February 16, 1919
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
April 13, 1919
Non-Cooperation Movement
1920-22
Chauri Chaura incident took place
February 5, 1922
Establishment of Swarajya Party
Late 1922-Early 1923
Kakori Conspiracy
1925
Establishment of Simon Commission
1927
(1) Assassination of Saunders by Bhagat Singh
(2) Nehru Report
1928
Simon Commission arrives in India
February 3, 1928
Purna Swaraj Declaration (Lahore Session)
December 1929
Bombing in Central
Legislative Assembly by Bhagat
Singh & Batukeshwar Dutt.
April 8, 1929
Chittagong armoury raid
April 18, 1930
Civil Disobedience Movement starts with Dandi March
March 12, 1930
Dandi March Ends
April 6, 1930
1st Round Table Conference
November 30, 1930
(1) Gandhi – Irwin Pact
(2) Karachi Session of INC
March 5, 1931
2nd Round Table Conference
September 7, 1931
(1) Poona Act
(2) 3rd Round Table Conference
1932
Government of India Act
1935
All India Forward Bloc formed
June 22, 1939
August Offer by Lord Linlithgow
August 18-22, 1940
Quit India Movement
1942
(1) Cripps Mission
(2) Establishment of Indian Independence League
(3) Formation of Azad Hind Fauj (September 1)
1942
Wavell Plan announced in Shimla Conference
1945
Cabinet Mission (Formulated at the initiative of Clement Attlee, PM of UK)
1946
Mountbatten Plan
June 1947
Indian Independence Act
1947
Independence Day of India
August 15, 1947
Many significant events, each carrying the weight of history, led to India’s independence, including the Quit India and non-cooperation movements. In this article, let us look at the movements that made India independent from British Rule. knowledge Knowledge News, Photos and Videos on General Knowledge
